Gadolinium
Atom properties
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Van der Waals atomic radius (pm):
237 [8]
Empirical atomic radius (pm):
180 [8]
Covalent atomic radius (pm):
196(6) [8]
Ionic radius (Å):
Gd(III): 0.938 (6-coordinate) [1]
Electronegativity
Pauling Scale:
1.2 [8]
Allen Scale:
Electron binding forces
Electron Affinity (eV):
Ionization Energy (eV):
6.150 [8]
Electron configuration
Ground state:
1s
2
-2s
2
-2p
6
-3s
2
-3p
6
-3d
10
-4s
2
-4p
6
-4d
10
-4f
7
-5s
2
-5p
6
-5d
1
-6s
2
[8]
