Cadmium

Occurrence, isolation & synthesis


Occurrence


In nature, cadmium is found in the Earth's crust, 0.1-0.2 ppm, in zinc ores in minerals such as CdS, greenokite and otavite [7]. The isotopes found in nature are 106Cd (1.25 %, stable), 108Cd (0.89 %, stable), 110Cd (12.49 %, stable), 111Cd (12.80 %, stable), 112Cd (24.13 %, stable), 113Cd (12.22 %, T½ = 9.3 · 1015 years), 114Cd (28.73 %, stable) and 116Cd (7.49 %, stable) [7].

In pure solid form, cadmium exist in a distorted hexagonal close-packed structure [7].